{"id":24231,"date":"2014-03-13T11:04:04","date_gmt":"2014-03-13T15:04:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nomadicmatt.com\/?p=24231"},"modified":"2024-08-07T02:58:39","modified_gmt":"2024-08-07T06:58:39","slug":"four-step-language-learning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nomadicmatt.com\/travel-blogs\/four-step-language-learning\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Learn the Basics of Any Language in Four Steps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nomadicmatt.com\/2020\/bennylearnlanguage.jpg\" alt=\"Two travelers having a conversation by a lake overseas\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>I&#8217;ve always been bad at languages. I barely made it through high school Spanish and have forgotten all the French I hired a tutor to teach me. I&#8217;m cursed. Or so I thought until I became friends with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/\">Benny Lewis from Fluent in 3 Months<\/a>. Benny has mastered a method for learning languages that has helped me break languages down into smaller, more easily learnable parts. With his help, I&#8217;ve remembered a lot of my Spanish, learned Thai, and picked up some Swedish.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Today, I turn the blog over to Benny (<a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3u4Es7U\" rel=\"nofollow\">who just published a book on language learning<\/a>) to share how you can learn the basics of any language for your next trip. Knowing just a few basic phrases goes a long way when you travel and puts you in the good graces of the locals.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Here is Benny:<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Way too often, we arrive in a country and think to ourselves, \u201cMan, I wish I took some time to learn the basics of this language before I got here!\u201d Or maybe you think anything less than mastering the language is not useful enough to invest time in. But even if you only have a month or a week before your trip, or even if you fly out tomorrow, you still have time to learn some basics of the local language. You only need a short period of time to master a few key words and phrases. And no, you don\u2019t need to be a language genius to pick up the basics fast.<\/p>\n<p>I spoke only English until I was 21. I nearly failed German in school, and I lived in Spain for six months without being able to learn the language \u2014 because I was doing it wrong. Fast forward to now: I speak around a dozen languages and counting, and it\u2019s because I make my study hours work for me, practice speaking the language right away, and don\u2019t waste my time studying what I won\u2019t need. Even with just the basics in a language, I\u2019ve had amazing experiences, like <a href=\"http:\/\/courses.fluentin3months.com\/p\/why-chinese-is-easy?affcode=138646_svi8f1eb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">receiving my Chinese name on a train in the middle of China<\/a>&#8230;just because I understood the question, \u201cWhat\u2019s your name?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Here are four steps to basic fluency:<\/p>\n<h3>Step 1: Be specific with your goals<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nomadicmatt.com\/bennypolgot3.jpg\" alt=\"Benny Lewis in the Netherlands\" \/><br \/>\nA huge mistake many people make is trying to take on too much at once. Having high goals and wanting to become fluent in a language, or even mastering it someday, is a noble goal, but this isn&#8217;t going to help you <em>right now<\/em> with your looming travel plans.<\/p>\n<p>To be successful in learning what you need for your trip, you need as much specificity as possible. I\u2019m lucky enough to typically have three whole months before a trip, in which I can devote most of my days to learning a language, and that makes fluency a realistic target.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve had tighter deadlines, though, and was still able to work with them. Hell, even when I had <i>one single hour <\/i>of time before my trip to Poland, since I needed to prepare for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/tedx-talk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">my TEDx talk on language learning<\/a> in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nomadicmatt.com\/travel-guides\/poland-travel-guide\/warsaw\/\">Warsaw<\/a> in English, I still took that time to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/polish-in-1-hour\/\">learn enough basic Polish to be able to stretch it into a half-hour Skype call<\/a> (constantly looking up words to keep the basic chat alive).<\/p>\n<p>The way you do this is to know precisely what you need to learn and to learn only that.<\/p>\n<p>In your mini-project:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>You need specificity\u00a0\u2014<\/b>\u00a0Do NOT have a vague goal like \u201clearn Spanish.\u201d If you want to go abroad in June, say to yourself that you want to be \u201cbasic conversational in three months,\u201d given that you\u2019ll put 10 hours a week into it. If you only have a month, then go for \u201cvery confident tourist in 30 days,\u201d and put an hour a day into it or more if you can. If you have a flight out in three days, then take two or more hours each one of the next three days, and aim for \u201cget by with basic necessities well in 72 hours.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><b>You need to build a you-specific vocabulary\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<\/b>Guidebooks are great for general phrases like \u201chow are you?\u201d but you\u2019re more complicated than that. So spend your study time tailoring your vocabulary to your specific needs. Step 2\u00a0below shows you how to start.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Step 2: Learn the words YOU will use<\/h3>\n<p>If you\u2019re starting from scratch, the first thing you need to do is think about which words you\u2019ll be using most on a daily basis in whatever situations you might be in \u2014 starting a conversation, sitting at a bar, talking about yourself, ordering in a restaurant, whatever it is. Then:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Sit down and write out a self-introduction in English \u2014\u00a0<\/b>Introduce yourself to an imaginary stranger. Tell them where you\u2019re from, what you do, why you\u2019re traveling, and so on. Then take a look at what you\u2019ve got and pick out specific words you think will be most important for your abroad vocabulary, translate them, and then use a website like <a href=\"https:\/\/forvo.com\/\">forvo.com<\/a> (actually spoken by a native) or <a href=\"http:\/\/translate.google.com\/\">Google Translate<\/a> (produced via automation) to hear how they&#8217;re pronounced in that language. In my case, the first words I\u2019ll always need to learn first are \u201cIrish\u201d (my nationality), \u201cblogger\u201d (my job), and \u201cvegetarian\u201d since I\u2019m a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/travelling-vegetarian\/\">traveling vegetarian<\/a>. Figure out what your words are and commit them to memory first.<\/li>\n<li><b>Make a list of foods you like, things you want to do, and other daily necessities \u2014\u00a0<\/b>Everyone needs to know the word for \u201cbathroom\u201d pretty much on their first day abroad,\u00a0so go ahead and add that to your list.\u00a0But also include things that you as an individual can\u2019t live without. Whether it\u2019s coffee or Diet Coke, sandwiches or oysters, know the words for your go-to foods. And if you plan to try anything in particular while you\u2019re there, like yoga, zip-lining, or dipping in a hot spring, learn those too. Because I\u2019m a vegetarian, for example, I have to learn the words for pork, ham, bacon, sausage, chicken, beef, and fish \u2014 so I can ask the waiter for something <i>without<\/i> these foods in them. Whatever it is that you\u2019ll be asking about, jot it down, look up the translations, and make yourself a cheat sheet.<\/li>\n<li><b>Look up a list of cognates, or words that are similar between the languages \u2014\u00a0<\/b>It\u2019s actually <i>impossible <\/i>to truly \u201cstart from scratch\u201d when you\u2019re learning a new language. Many languages have <i>very long <\/i>lists of words you already know the meaning of (albeit with slightly different pronunciations). If \u201csandwich\u201d is on your list of favorite foods, for example, you already know how to say it in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/french-english-false-cognates-faux-amis-1364675\">French<\/a>. In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linguasorb.com\/spanish\/cognates\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spanish<\/a>, hospital is still hospital, and in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/common-english-german-cognates-4077037\">German<\/a> the word for fish is pronounced exactly the same. Even a very different language like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/english-in-japanese\/\">Japanese has a ton of these \u201cloanwords<\/a>\u201d for everyday things you might need like coffee, milk, and glass.<\/li>\n<li><b>Use mnemonics to learn unfamiliar words \u2014\u00a0<\/b>To remember new words really fast that are nothing like what you&#8217;re used to in English, try using a fun mnemonic \u2014 an image or story that you associate with a particular word. Sounds silly, but it works. When I was learning French, for instance, I remembered that <em>gare<\/em>\u00a0was \u201ctrain station\u201d by visualizing a big fat orange <i>Gar<\/i>field running out of breath through a train station to catch a train to a lasagna-eating competition, with lots of color and sounds in my mind to make it really stick. This technique works wonders, and creating this image in my mind made the <i>gare\u2013train station <\/i>association stick much faster than it ever would have by rote repetition alone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/online-dictionaries\/\">List of really useful online free dictionaries<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.memrise.com\/\">Memrise.com<\/a> (fantastic online resource to suggest fun and easy-to-remember mnemonics)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.forvo.com\/\">Forvo<\/a> (hear words pronounced by a native speakers)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/translate.google.com\/\">Google Translate<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Step 3: Learn whole phrases<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nomadicmatt.com\/bellypolygot1.jpg\" alt=\"Benny studying a Thai phrasebook\" \/><br \/>\nWith the short time frame you have, you don\u2019t have time to try to understand the grammar of the language. I highly recommend that you skip over grammar studies, which are better suited to later in language learning anyway, and instead just memorize a few <i>whole<\/i> <em>sentences<\/em> so that you can convey your point in already-formed phrases.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Get a guidebook, but ignore most of it \u2014\u00a0<\/b>Guidebooks are great for the essentials, but you won\u2019t need most of what\u2019s in them. Those books try to cater to everyone\u2019s needs, and everyone\u2019s needs are not your needs. Skim through the book and highlight the phrases you will need, like \u201cWhere is the bathroom?\u201d or \u201cHow much does this cost?\u201d or \u201cExcuse me, do you speak English?\u201d Ignore the rest, and focus only on what\u2019s useful to you. I like <em>Lonely Planet<\/em> phrasebooks, or you can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/language\/phrases\/langs.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use this online list of basic phrases<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Create your own sentences, and have them checked if possible \u2014\u00a0<\/b>Try your best to create a translation by piecing the words together, or (more ideally) changing a single word in a pre-made sentence in your phrasebook. For example, I might replace the word \u201cbathroom\u201d with \u201csupermarket\u201d in the pre-made phrase \u201cWhere is the bathroom?\u201d and the resulting sentence is likely to be grammatically correct. You can even use Google Translate for the whole sentence. You can submit your pre-made sentence to the site <a href=\"https:\/\/lang-8.com\/\">Lang-8<\/a> to have native speakers correct it <i>for free <\/i>if your phrase is short enough, and they can get back to you surprisingly quickly.<\/li>\n<li><b>Start focusing on how your phrases sound in the language \u2014\u00a0<\/b>Once you have your master list of words and phrases, you need to hear how native speakers pronounce them. If you don\u2019t know any native speakers in the language, it doesn\u2019t matter \u2014 there are free websites like <a href=\"https:\/\/rhinospike.com\/\">Rhinospike<\/a> that let you submit sentences you want to hear spoken, and they\u2019ll send back a translation of your phrase, spoken by a native.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Once you know how the words sound, you need to commit them to memory. One trick that works for me is to <i>sing <\/i>the phrases out to myself. When I was learning Italian, for instance, I sang, \u201cWhere is the bathroom?\u201d in the tune of the Big Ben chime, and took <em>Dove si trova il gabinetto?<\/em>\u00a0and had it roll of my tongue easier. Putting the words to a tune will cement them into your memory and give you great solo-pronunciation practice.<\/p>\n<p><b>Resources:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>For a good list of phrases you\u2019ll need: <em>Lonely Planet<\/em> phrasebook or the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.omniglot.com\/language\/phrases\/langs.htm#lang\">Omniglot phrase list<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/lang-8.com\/\">Lang-8<\/a> (get your attempted translations corrected by a native)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rhinospike.com\/\">Rhinospike<\/a> (hear whole phrases spoken by a native)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Step 4: Use it <i>before <\/i>you fly<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nomadicmatt.com\/bennypolygot4.jpg\" alt=\"Benny speaking the local language with children\" \/><br \/>\nWith these tips, you can actually cram enough of the language into your mind to have something genuinely useful for when you arrive in the country. But there is one final \u2014 and extremely helpful \u2014 thing you can do <i>before<\/i> you go to make sure it all goes smoothly:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Practice with a native speaker in advance \u2014\u00a0<\/b>It doesn\u2019t matter where you live. Websites like <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fluentin3months.com\/italki\">italki<\/a> allow you to either set up a <i>free<\/i> exchange (so that you \u201cpay\u201d for a language lesson by helping someone with their English for 30 minutes first) or get really affordable lessons (I got Japanese lessons for just $5\/hour, for instance), and set up a quick session on Skype to use what you know with a native right now from home. You&#8217;ll hear what someone speaking to you spontaneously truly feels like, see where your weaknesses are <i>in advance <\/i>of needing to use the language in the real world and be able to address problems or questions that have been on your mind.<\/li>\n<li><b>Role-play to discover what you\u2019re missing \u2013\u00a0<\/b>Use your time chatting with a native online to play out the real-life situations you\u2019ll be in abroad. For instance, you can practice ordering a complicated vegetarian meal or renting a hotel room well before you have to do it for real. As you go, you\u2019ll discover there are words you need that you don\u2019t know. For example, maybe you didn\u2019t realize how often you want to talk about your cat or significant other. When you find these holes in your vocabulary, write down the words you need and add them to your master list.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This way, <b>you hit the ground running <\/b>and are already an \u201cexperienced\u201d speaker, knowing what it\u2019s like to speak with a native, and are simply keeping up your momentum.<\/p>\n<h3>Remember it&#8217;s OK to make mistakes!<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.nomadicmatt.com\/bennypolygot3.jpg\" alt=\"Benny Lewis on the Great Wall of China\" \/><br \/>\nWhen I was learning German, I once tried to tell my (female) friend that I had just made a \u201ccool\u201d video and asked if she wanted to come upstairs to see it. Sounds innocent enough, right? Somehow, what I <i>actually <\/i>said was, \u201cI\u2019m horny, and I want you to come inside me,\u201d since the German word for \u201ccool\u201d also means \u201chorny\u201d (<em>geil<\/em>), and \u201ccome\u201d in German has sexual connotations as it does in English if you use it wrong.<\/p>\n<p>We had been friends for a long time, so she knew I wasn\u2019t flirting with her \u2014 I explained my mistake and we laughed it off. It turned out that the world didn\u2019t end, and to this day we are still good friends.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve also managed to let it slip that I\u2019m <i>pregnant<\/i> in Spanish (<em>embarazado\/a<\/em>), and in my initial weeks learning French, somehow kept saying, \u201cThank you, nice-ass!\u201d instead of \u201cThank you very much\u201d (<em>merci beaucoup<\/em>\u00a0versus <em>merci beau cul<\/em>).\u00a0And when I arrived in Brazil and wanted to say &#8220;thank you&#8221; to the immigration officer (<em>obrigado<\/em>), I instead said, \u201cchocolate bonbon!\u201d (<em>brigadeiro<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>In each one of these cases, the person I was speaking to was well aware of the fact that I was still a learner, knew I didn\u2019t mean what it sounded like, and was\u00a0smart enough to see from the context what I <i>actually<\/i> meant. Rather than scold me for my \u201cunforgiveable\u201d mistake, they smiled and thought it was great that I was trying, in many cases congratulating me for my effort.<\/p>\n<p>So don\u2019t worry about being perfect in a new language. You don\u2019t need a lot of time or even a lot of skill to pick up the language of your next destination. You just need a plan. Make your study time all about you, and remember not to get bogged down in irrelevant words, phrases, and grammar you won\u2019t need.<\/p>\n<p>While many people think that learning a language can <i>only <\/i>be a challenge that requires years of time, I hope you&#8217;ve seen in this article that you can absolutely get to a stage of having something very useful for your trip in a really short time. You just need to be very specific in what you&#8217;re aiming for, learn words and phrases that are relevant to you and what you&#8217;re likely to say, and not try to absorb the entire language.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, you don&#8217;t need to arrive to see if you are ready. It&#8217;s better to get online and talk to someone today to clear up all your final problems and questions so that you arrive ready to confidently use what you know.<\/p>\n<p><em>Benny Lewis was a language dud in school, but after graduating as an engineer he found that language talent is irrelevant and that with the right attitude and approach, anyone can learn a language. His book, <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3u4Es7U\" rel=\"nofollow\">Fluent in 3 Months<\/a>, was published by HarperCollins and shares\u00a0all of his best language-learning tips.<\/em><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"single-booking\">\n<h4>Book Your Trip: Logistical Tips and Tricks<\/h4>\n<p><strong>Book Your Flight<\/strong><br \/>\nFind a cheap flight by using <a href=\"https:\/\/skyscanner.pxf.io\/c\/214481\/1027991\/13416?subId1=%26currency%3DUSD&#038;associateid=AFF_TRA_19354_00001&#038;u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyscanner.com%2F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Skyscanner<\/a>. It&#8217;s my favorite search engine because it searches websites and airlines around the globe so you always know no stone is being left unturned. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Book Your Accommodation<\/strong><br \/>\nYou can book your hostel with <a href=\"https:\/\/prf.hn\/click\/camref:1101lHtj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Hostelworld<\/a>. If you want to stay somewhere other than a hostel, use <a href=\"https:\/\/www.booking.com\/index.html?aid=362916\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Booking.com<\/a> as it consistently returns the cheapest rates for guesthouses and hotels. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Don&#8217;t Forget Travel Insurance<\/strong><br \/>\nTravel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancellations. It&#8217;s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it as I&#8217;ve had to use it many times in the past. My favorite companies that offer the best service and value are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/safetywing.com\/nomad-insurance\/?referenceID=24768462&#038;campaign=footer-blue-box&#038;utm_source=24768462&#038;utm_medium=Ambassador\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SafetyWing<\/a> (best for budget travelers)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tkqlhce.com\/click-3032045-15403748\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">World Nomads<\/a> (best for mid-range travelers)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/insuremytripus.pxf.io\/q4vRWg\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">InsureMyTrip<\/a> (for those 70 and over)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medjetassist.com\/nomadicmatt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Medjet<\/a> (for additional evacuation coverage)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Want to Travel for Free?<\/strong><br \/>\nTravel credit cards allow you to earn points that can be redeemed for free flights and accommodation \u2014 all without any extra spending. Check out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nomadicmatt.com\/travel-tips\/picking-a-travel-credit-card\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">my guide to picking the right card and my current favorites<\/a> to get started and see the latest best deals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Need a Rental Car?<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.discovercars.com\/canada?a_aid=nomadicmatt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Discover Cars<\/a> is a budget-friendly international car rental website. No matter where you&#8217;re headed, they&#8217;ll be able to find the best \u2014 and cheapest \u2014 rental for your trip!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Need Help Finding Activities for Your Trip?<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.getyourguide.com\/?partner_id=LLKQJ38&#038;utm_medium=online_publisher&#038;placement=content-top\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Get Your Guide<\/a> is a huge online marketplace where you can find cool walking tours, fun excursions, skip-the-line tickets, private guides, and more. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Ready to Book Your Trip?<\/strong><br \/>\nCheck out my <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nomadicmatt.com\/travel-resources\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resource page<\/a> for the best companies to use when you travel. I list all the ones I use when I travel. They are the best in class and you can&#8217;t go wrong using them on your trip.\n<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learning a new language is tough \u2013 and I&#8217;m terrible at it! That&#8217;s why I&#8217;ve reached out to Benny from Fluent in Three Months to help share some of his language hacks. With his strategies and tactics, you&#8217;ll be able to pick up any language in as little as \u2013 you guess it! \u2013 three months!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":217050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[1110],"class_list":["post-24231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-travel-advice","tag-languages"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - 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